Heat a drizzle of olive oil in a medium pot over medium-high heat. Add garlic, ginger, and mushrooms. Cook for 2–3 minutes.
Add crumbled tofu and sauté for 5–7 minutes until lightly golden.
Stir in peanut butter and vegetable stock (water and one stock cube), scraping up any bits stuck to the pan. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer for 5 minutes.
In a separate pot, cook ramen noodles according to package instructions. Loosen with chopsticks as needed. Drain when done.
In a large bowl, whisk together cane sugar, rice vinegar, soy sauce, and sesame oil.
Pour the hot broth into the bowl and stir to combine. Add the noodles.
Top with crushed peanuts, green onion, cilantro, chili oil, and sesame seeds.